Endocrine System MCQs with Answers

The endocrine system plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis in the human body by secreting hormones that regulate different physiological processes. Below are 25 important and repeated MCQs on the Endocrine System with answers, useful for MDCAT, NEET, board exams, and other competitive tests.

Endocrine System – MCQs

1. Which of the following glands is both endocrine and exocrine in function?
A) Pituitary gland
B) Thyroid gland
C) Pancreas
D) Adrenal gland
Answer: C) Pancreas

2. The “master gland” of the body is:
A) Pituitary gland
B) Thyroid gland
C) Hypothalamus
D) Adrenal gland
Answer: A) Pituitary gland

3. Which hormone regulates the basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
A) Insulin
B) Thyroxine
C) Glucagon
D) Cortisol
Answer: B) Thyroxine

4. Insulin is secreted by:
A) Alpha cells of pancreas
B) Beta cells of pancreas
C) Delta cells of pancreas
D) Acinar cells of pancreas
Answer: B) Beta cells of pancreas

5. Which hormone is called the “fight or flight” hormone?
A) Cortisol
B) Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
C) Aldosterone
D) Glucagon
Answer: B) Epinephrine

6. Deficiency of iodine leads to:
A) Diabetes mellitus
B) Goiter
C) Addison’s disease
D) Cushing’s syndrome
Answer: B) Goiter

7. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is produced by:
A) Pituitary gland (posterior lobe storage)
B) Thyroid gland
C) Adrenal gland
D) Pancreas
Answer: A) Pituitary gland (produced by hypothalamus, stored in posterior pituitary)

8. Which hormone controls the sleep-wake cycle?
A) Melatonin
B) Cortisol
C) Thyroxine
D) Prolactin
Answer: A) Melatonin

9. Aldosterone is secreted by:
A) Adrenal medulla
B) Adrenal cortex
C) Pituitary gland
D) Pancreas
Answer: B) Adrenal cortex

10. Which gland is located in the neck region?
A) Pituitary
B) Thyroid
C) Adrenal
D) Thymus
Answer: B) Thyroid

11. The hormone responsible for milk production is:
A) Oxytocin
B) Prolactin
C) Progesterone
D) Estrogen
Answer: B) Prolactin

12. Which hormone lowers blood glucose level?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Cortisol
D) Adrenaline
Answer: A) Insulin

13. Which of the following is a steroid hormone?
A) Thyroxine
B) Cortisol
C) Insulin
D) Glucagon
Answer: B) Cortisol

14. Cushing’s syndrome is caused by excess of:
A) Insulin
B) Cortisol
C) Thyroxine
D) Aldosterone
Answer: B) Cortisol

15. The thymus gland is mainly active in:
A) Childhood
B) Adulthood
C) Old age
D) Entire life equally
Answer: A) Childhood

16. Diabetes mellitus is caused by deficiency of:
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Cortisol
D) Thyroxine
Answer: A) Insulin

17. Oxytocin is secreted by:
A) Anterior pituitary
B) Posterior pituitary (stored)
C) Thyroid gland
D) Pancreas
Answer: B) Posterior pituitary (produced by hypothalamus, stored in posterior pituitary)

18. Which of the following hormones is not secreted by the anterior pituitary?
A) Growth hormone
B) Thyroid-stimulating hormone
C) Prolactin
D) Oxytocin
Answer: D) Oxytocin

19. Hyposecretion of growth hormone in childhood leads to:
A) Gigantism
B) Acromegaly
C) Dwarfism
D) Goiter
Answer: C) Dwarfism

20. Which hormone increases calcium levels in blood?
A) Calcitonin
B) Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
C) Insulin
D) Thyroxine
Answer: B) Parathyroid hormone

21. Which hormone is responsible for uterine contractions during childbirth?
A) Prolactin
B) Oxytocin
C) Estrogen
D) Progesterone
Answer: B) Oxytocin

22. Hypersecretion of thyroid hormones causes:
A) Goiter
B) Myxedema
C) Cretinism
D) Exophthalmic goiter (Graves’ disease)
Answer: D) Exophthalmic goiter (Graves’ disease)

23. Which part of the adrenal gland secretes adrenaline and noradrenaline?
A) Adrenal cortex
B) Adrenal medulla
C) Zona glomerulosa
D) Zona fasciculata
Answer: B) Adrenal medulla

24. Growth hormone is secreted by:
A) Thyroid gland
B) Anterior pituitary
C) Posterior pituitary
D) Hypothalamus
Answer: B) Anterior pituitary

25. Which hormone helps in the regulation of blood sodium and potassium levels?
A) Insulin
B) Aldosterone
C) Cortisol
D) Calcitonin
Answer: B) Aldosterone

✅ These 25 MCQs cover the most important topics of the endocrine system and are helpful for quick revision before exams.

👉 If you’re preparing for exams, check out our other MCQ collections on Nervous System, Kidney Disorders, Skeleton System, and Coordination!

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